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Ghana is a country located on the Gulf of Guinea, only a few degrees north of the Equator, therefore giving it a warm climate. The country spans an area of 238,500 km2. It is surrounded by Togo to the east, Côte d'Ivoire to the west, Burkina Faso to the north and the Gulf of Guinea (Atlantic Ocean) to the south. The Greenwich Meridian passes through Ghana, specifically through the industrial city of Tema. Ghana is geographically closer to the 'centre' of the world than any other country even though the notional centre, (0°, 0°) is located in the Atlantic Ocean approximately 614 km south of Accra, Ghana, in the Gulf of Guinea.

The Volta Basin takes up most of central Ghana. Ghana's highest point is Mount Afadjato which is 885 m and is found in the Akwapim-Togo Ranges. Lake Volta, the world's largest artificial lake, extends through large portions of eastern Ghana and is the main source of many tributary rivers such as the Oti and Afram rivers.

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